Understanding the UK Points-Based Immigration System
Understanding the UK Points-Based Immigration System
The UK introduced its points-based immigration system (PBS) on 1 January 2021, replacing the previous EU free movement framework. Here's how it works and what it means for you.
How the Points System Works
To qualify for a Skilled Worker visa, you must score 70 points across a set of mandatory and tradeable characteristics:
Mandatory Requirements (50 points)
| Requirement | Points |
|---|---|
| Job offer from approved sponsor | 20 |
| Job at appropriate skill level (RQF 3+) | 20 |
| English language ability (B1+) | 10 |
Tradeable Points (need 20 more)
| Characteristic | Points |
|---|---|
| Salary of £38,700+ or going rate | 20 |
| Salary of £20,960–£38,699 (specific conditions) | 10–20 |
| Job in a shortage occupation | 20 |
| PhD relevant to the job | 10 |
| PhD in a STEM subject relevant to the job | 20 |
Key Features of the PBS
Equal Treatment
The system applies equally to all nationalities — EU and non-EU citizens face the same rules. Irish citizens are exempt under the Common Travel Area agreement.
Skill Level
Jobs must be at RQF Level 3 or above (equivalent to A-level). This covers a wide range of occupations from nurses and teachers to software engineers and accountants.
Salary Thresholds
The general salary threshold is £38,700 per year or the specific going rate for your occupation, whichever is higher. There are lower thresholds for:
- New entrants to the labour market (under 26, recent graduates, or those in professional training)
- Shortage occupations listed on the Immigration Salary List
- Roles in specific sectors like health and education
English Language
You must prove your English at B1 level (CEFR) or above. This can be done through:
- A Secure English Language Test (SELT) like IELTS for UKVI
- A degree taught in English (from the UK or a majority English-speaking country)
- Being a national of a majority English-speaking country
Other PBS Routes
The Skilled Worker visa is the most common route, but the PBS also includes:
- Global Talent — for leaders and emerging talent in academia, arts, and digital technology
- Innovator Founder — for experienced business people starting an innovative business
- Scale-up — for workers recruited by a qualifying scale-up company
- Health and Care Worker — a dedicated route with lower fees for eligible health roles
- Senior or Specialist Worker (Intra-company route) — for existing employees of multinational companies
Final Thoughts
The points-based system is designed to be transparent and skills-focused. Understanding how the points add up — and where you can gain tradeable points — is essential for planning your move to the UK. Check the latest guidance on GOV.UK and use tools like our sponsor directory to find eligible employers.
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